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Introduction to System Development/Software life cycle models
The trends of increasing technical complexity of the systems, coupled with the
need for repeatable and predictable process methodologies, have driven System
Developers to establish system development models or software development life
cycle models.
Nearly three decades ago the operations in an organization used to be limited
and so it was possible to maintain them using manual procedures. But with the
growing operations of organizations, the need to automate the various activities
increased, since for manual procedures it was becoming very difficult, slow and
complicated. Like maintaining records for a thousand plus employees company on
papers is definitely a cumbersome job. So, at that time more and more companies
started going for automation.
Since there were a lot of organizations, which were opting for automation,
it was felt that some standard and structural procedure or methodology be introduced
in the industry so that the transition from manual to automated system became
easy. The concept of system life cycle came into existence then. Life cycle model
emphasized on the need to follow some structured approach towards building new
or improved system. There were many models suggested. A waterfall model was among
the very first models that came into existence. Later on many other models like
prototype, rapid application development model, etc were also introduced.
System development begins with the recognition of user needs. Then there is
a preliminary investigation stage. It includes evaluation of present system, information
gathering, feasibility study, and request approval. Feasibility study includes
technical, economic, legal and operational feasibility. In economic feasibility
cost-benefit analysis is done. After that, there are detailed design, implementation,
testing and maintenance stages.
In this session, we'll be learning about various stages that make system's
life cycle. In addition, different life cycles models will be discussed. These
include Waterfall model, Prototype model, Object-Oriented Model, spiral model
and Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM).
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